看過文藝復興的隆鼻技術會讓你超慶幸我們現在擁有的技術。背後的原因也更為嚇人!

拜科技的日新月異所賜,整形的技術也越來越先進,不論是相當費工夫的手術或是施打針劑的微整型,都是現在社會越來越常聽到的事,但你知道關於”隆鼻”這件事情,其實早在歐洲的文藝復興時期時就相當地興盛了嗎?但當時的人們隆鼻的目的,卻和現代人隆鼻的理由

February 7, 2015
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拜科技的日新月異所賜,整形的技術也越來越先進,不論是相當費工夫的手術或是施打針劑的微整型,都是現在社會越來越常聽到的事,但你知道關於”隆鼻”這件事情,其實早在歐洲的文藝復興時期時就相當地興盛了嗎?但當時的人們隆鼻的目的,卻和現代人隆鼻的理由大不相同。

“梅毒”是個主要經由性行為傳染的病毒,16世紀時人類還沒有治療梅毒的手段,當時這個疾病在歐洲可說是橫行無阻,一直到1982年盤尼西林的出現,病情才得到控制。

Syphilis is a nasty sexually transmitted disease that made its way around Europe during the 16th century. Syphilis was incurable until penicillin came onto the scene in 1928.
Wikipedia
 
梅毒患者在罹病後下半生會有一些病徵,像是皮膚潰爛、逐漸失明、癱瘓、痴呆而最後會死亡。
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而梅毒病患也會有一個特殊的”鞍鼻 (Saddle Nose)”症狀,鼻樑連同周遭的肌肉會漸漸腐爛塌陷。

People with syphilis also usually developed a condition known as "saddle nose." This is when the bridge of the nose caves into the face. Saddle nose is accompanied by the gradual rotting away of the surrounding flesh.
Rhinoplasty In Seattle
 
鞍鼻的情形。

 

而文藝復興時期的社會,鞍鼻被視為是一種恥辱的標記,認為是生活不檢點或太放縱的象徵。

In Renaissance society, saddle nose became a mark of stigma. For those unafflicted, saddle nose was a symbol of the sufferer's moral shortcomings and corruption.
Flickr/Tony Alter
 
因為當時這樣的社會風氣,讓這些受鞍鼻所苦 (不一定是梅毒所致) 的人們開始尋求能夠遮掩或改善這項缺陷的方式,當時最常見的隆鼻方式是切下一小塊前額的皮膚貼在鼻子上,但一位名叫Gaspare Tagliacozzi的外科醫生則選擇了不一樣的做法。
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首先他會切開患者的上臂,將它弄成鼻子的形狀後再貼在患者的鼻子上,就像下圖所示,患者必須維持手臂這個姿勢約2星期、直到”新鼻子”癒合為止,然後Tagliacozzi會再將手臂上已做好的新鼻子切掉、然後將新皮膚塑造成鼻子,整段療程大約需歷時5個月的時間。

Tagliacozzi became famous for his unique surgical methods. Instead of cutting a piece of skin off of the forehead and attaching it to the nose (as was common at the time), Tagliacozzi did something counterintuitive.
Europeana

 

當時也有人批評Tagliacozzi的手術方法太拙劣,根本是亂來。也有一些例子顯示,Tagliacozzi做的鼻子在冬天的時候會轉成紫色然後掉落。

There were some who argued Tagliacozzi's method was inferior to the more popular rhinoplasty of the time known as the "Indian Method." In fact, there were a few reports of the noses that Tagliacozzi created turning purple and falling off in the winter.
Flickr/Science Museum London
 
但儘管如此,Tagliacozzi一直到去世之前都認為自己發明的隆鼻方法是最棒的。

 

雖然Tagliacozzi的隆鼻方法在他死後就漸漸式微,但後來還是偶有用此方法來隆鼻的案例,像是1944年的這一位士兵鼻子受到嚴重的創傷,便是透過Tagliacozzi醫生的方法來重新建造的。

Though Tagliacozzi's method fell out of fashion after his death, it was still occasionally used. This solider's face was severely damaged in 1944, and Tagliacozzi's Italian Method was employed to rebuild it.
Harvard

來源:The Chirurgeon’s Apprentice

想不到原來隆鼻在這麼久以前就已經興盛了,但這個方法真是光用想的就覺得很痛苦…要長出一個鼻子、用手臂的肉?!光聽就太超乎人體極限了!得趕快去隆個鼻壓壓驚啊!(別聽我胡說…哈哈)

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